Filter on Trojnog
If you don't have a defective, You can filter water through the sock before boiling. Put a thin sock or a handkerchief and a sand embankment in the middle. After pouring the water through such a filter, the sock should be taken out, pour its contents and rinse. You can also put a tripod from sticks and hang a sock on it to facilitate.
Salt water distillation
In critical situations, it can be obtained with clean fresh water due to the distillation of salt sea water (the same can be obtained from urine water). Salty water should be cooked covered in the cauldron.
When the material soaks with water vapor, take it off and cover the cauldron with the next. The material soaked in steam should be removed with a stick.
As a result of the cooling of the material, the water vapor drizzled, then you should leave the material – is obtained pure, sweet water.
Threats
While drinking animals in water in water, they infect water with various microorganisms and gastrointestinal parasites, which can cause dangerous diseases in humans. Some of these diseases are very chronic and dangerous, others have a violent course. A man in the city is constantly drinking cleansed water, Therefore, he is not resistant to this type of germs and therefore he is threatened with diseases caused by drinking infected water. For example, Górskie S:erythema seems to be perfectly clean, But it is the safest to be drawn from natural sources, always delete before drinking. There is a lot of chemicals to the ground now, In many housing estates, sewage is drained straight to the stream or lake, So we can never be sure, whether the water we draw is fit to drink.
Signs of pollution
About it, that water from some source is unfit for drinking, not only testify to the bones and skulls of fallen animals. If you suspect, that water is contaminated with chemicals, Watch the edges, check, Is there no settlement with strange -looking substances. You can also boil a small amount of water from such a tank, and then see the sediment in the dish. Lack of vegetation or abundance of green algae on the surface also indicates, that water is not suitable for drinking.
Overgrowing pond
The forest of reeds testifies to the standing water, which should be avoided.
Diseases transmitted in water
Leptospirozy (Krętkowice) – Choroby zakaźne odzwierzęce wywoływane przez krętki z rodzaju Leptospira. The infection occurs by contact with the feces of animals of the carriers. Zarazki dostają się do organizmu najczęściej przez uszkodzoną skórę. Podobne do grypy (fever, chills, Head and muscles). Heavier forms of the disease can lead to meningitis, jaundice, kidney failure and heart disease.
Schistosomatoza (billion) – Choroba wywoływana przez przywry z rodzaju Schistosoma żyjące w wolno płynących, freshwater rivers and streams. Pasożyt ten umiejscawia się w jelitach lub pęcherzu moczowym. Świerzbienie, urticaria, coughing attacks, bladder inflammation and ulceration and other urinary tract sections, as well as liver enlargement.
Ameboza (czerwonka pełzakowa) – Choroba wywoływana przez pełzaka (Amebę) Erttamoeba histolytica. Zakazić się można pijąc wodę zanieczyszczoną fekaliami. Krwawa biegunka, abdominal pain, flatulence, fever. In the chronic form, liver enlargement and colitis are observed.
Ancylostomatoza (nekatorioza) – Choroba inwazyjna wywoływana przez nicienie z rodzaju Ancylastoma. Pasożyt dostaje się do organizmu wraz z wypitą zakażoną wodą. Anemia, lethargy, as well as itching and dermatitis. Symptoms from the digestive and nervous systems can join this.
Lamblioza – Parasitic disease caused by a flagella – intestinal lamblia (Lamblia intestinalis). Zakażenie następuje przez wypicie wody zanieczyszczonej moczem lub fekaliami. Biegunka i zapalenie dróg żółciowych. The disease is most often recorded in North America, Africa and Asia.
Prevention of diseases
The only certain way to avoid infection is to disinfect the water intended for drinking or cooking each time. If any of the members of the expedition falls ill after drinking water, It should be isolated with the guardian from the group. They must have separate dishes, pots, cutlery. Particular attention should be paid to this, so that the plague does not spread through the patient's droppings. They contain a lot of microorganisms, which caused the ailment.
In the camp, in which there were cases of water poisoning, The rules for observing hygiene should be tightened, To prevent further expansion of the disease.
